Subversion Repositories pentevo

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                      UnrealSpeccy 0.36.7 by SMT

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        contents

                1. features

                2. system requirements

                3. keys in emulator

                4. bugs and incompatibilities

                5. greets

                6. license

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features

  cpu

        Z80: all (un)documented commands and flags

  memory

        Pentagon 128/512/1024 and 48K ROM

        Scorpion 256/1024 RAM and 64K ROM

        Scorpion PROF-ROM with SMUC support (128/256/512K)

        KAY-256/1024 and 64K ROM

        Profi 1024 RAM/ROM and memory mapper

        ATM TURBO 1 v4.50 512/1024 RAM, 64-1024K ROM

        ATM TURBO 2+ v7.10 128/512/1024 RAM, 64-1024K ROM

        cache 16/32K

        CMOS/RTC: russian chip (512Bu1, 64 bytes, 1st day is monday) or

          pc-compatible (DALLAS, 256 bytes, 1st day of week is sunday)

        SMUC RTC and NVRAM (24LC16)

  sound

        beeper, tape saving and loading tones

        AY-3-8910/YM2149: excellent sound emulation, including digital

        and unusual effects, parallel ports on R14/R15 are not emulated

        Turbo-AY (Turbo-Sound): two AY(or YM) chips by PoS and NedoPC schemes

        TurboSound FM: two YM2203 chips (6 AY channels + 6 FM channels)

        also there is 'unreal' (not available in real Spectrum) mode:

        playing AY music using digital player - emul plays three sound samples

        with volumes and frequencies taken from corresponding AY registers

        and 'pseudo-turbo' - two parallel YM chips with some phase shift

        two covoxes - Pentagon (port #FB) & Scorpion (port #DD)

        SounDrive

        saving sound to WAV or VTX (VTX - good format for AY sound, much

        more compact than PSG, but you need lha.exe somewhere in %PATH%)

        General Sound - FX & MOD player through BASS sound system.

        You can save music and listen it in your favourite mod-player

        General Sound low level emulation (including internal Z80 on 12MHz,

        512Kb onboard memory, internal ports and DACs)

        BASS offers higher quality and more sound channels than low-level

        emulation. Low-level emulation is useful for programs altering the

        firmware player and using second Z80 for their own needs. In general,

        use BASS for games, and low-level emulation for advanced sound/music

        editors (RIFF tracker)

  video

        several video drivers, from simple and fastest to complex bi-linear

        filtering, that upsamples Spectrum display to 512x384 * 64 colors;

        'noflic' filter is specially for programs fast switching two screens

        to get more colors;

        several chunky filters for 21st century demos

        amazing video filter: Anti-Text64. Designed for reading e-zines.

        It converts 4x8 fonts to 8x8 or 8x16 on the fly and saves your eyes

        multicolors are fixed for Pentagon & Scorpion, 1T screen update

        for all border effects

        able to emulate scorpion timings, including scorpion border update

        nopaper mode for debugging border effects

        flash-color (using 128 ink colors with black paper when FLASH bit on)

        hi-res modes: Pentagon 512x192, Profi 512x240, ATM

        (works with 'double' video filter)

        ATM-TURBO color video modes (works with 'double' video filter):

        text mode 80x25, EGA mode 320x200, 640x200.

        To use custom text-mode font, place your "SGEN.ROM" to unreal directory.

        Don't use border=none with ATM video modes

        Pentagon 384x304 mode [see ZX-Guide#2, AlCoNews#32]

        Pentagon color-per-pixel mode [see Info Guide#8, #9]

        hardware multicolor

        attribute port #FF

  tune-up video/sound with hotkeys

        change video settings, such as number of t-states/frame, t-states/line,

        fix with grey+, grey-, grey*

        t-states/frame is a computer speed, so it's easy to adjust speed in

        fast (or slow) games in very wide range for comfortable playing

        alt+grey*, grey-, grey+ selects soundchip (AY/YM) and

        stereo mode (ABC/ACB), or palette

  beta 128 disk interface

        implemented all FDC WD1793 commands, including read/format track

        traps for read/write sector - more then 256 times speedup

  tape

        full TAP and TZX support

        CSW support

        tape browser

        auto-start tape when accessing to ROM load routine

        fast loading: UnrealSpeccy is able to recognize loader logic

           and speed up loader by removing delay loops and edge detection loops.

           (Of course, UnrealSpeccy leaves original t-states timing,

           so max speed mode must be enabled for fast loading - press NumLock)

           With this technique any 128K game may be loaded in 10-20 secs.

           I've developed this feature independent from RAMSOFT, but looks like

           they used the same idea in RS 0.90.38...

           For really fast loading, also choose 'normal' video driver

  IDE

        UnrealSpeccy is able to use KAY, SCORPION and ATM-2 IDE interfaces with

        two devices on it (hard disks or CD-ROMs)

        for hard disks you may use image file or Spectrum drive, connected to

        computer. CD-ROM requires physical or windows-level emulated device

        schemes supported:

        Nemo - controller for ZX-BUS manufactured by Nemo and NedoPC

        ATM - ATM TURBO 2+ v7.10

        Nemo(A8) - Nemo scheme modification: uses A8 instead of A0 to

                   select high/low byte of 16bit data (easy to

                   transfer sector with just two commands INIR:INIR)

        SMUC - IDE controller for ZS Scorpion

  modem

        ISA modem, configured to use COM1 ports 03F8-03FF

        translated to Spectrum's ports #F8EF-#FFEF.

        Modem interrupt (translated to Spectrum NMI) is not emulated

        Host computer should have installed windows driver for real modem.

        At least ping/dns by Kamil Karimov tested and works fine

        with empty 'modem initialization string'

  input devices

        fully customizable keyboard

        copy text from clipboard via emulation of Spectrum keyboard

        AY-mouse (KORVET mouse, connected to AY-3-8910/12 port A)

        kempston mouse with adjustable speed and swap-buttons option,

        mouse wheel included (D7..D4 in buttons' port or UP/DOWN keys)

        kempston joystick on keyboard

        kempston joystick on mouse (joystick will follow mouse cursor)

        mouse wheel and buttons can be bound to any zx keys or kempston

        PC joystick/gamepad can be bound to any zx keys or kempston

        sticky keys mode [stolen from ZX_Emul, read description there]

        autofire (with adjustable key and period)

  files

        reading:

           SP, SNA and Z80 (all versions, 48k and 128k)

           TAP, TZX, CSW

           FDI, TRD, SCL, TD0, UDI

                  if disk image does not contain boot.B, it may be appended.

                  Disk images for every drive may be loaded automatically

                  at start of UnrealSpeccy

           HOBETA format - appends file to existing disk; if no disk, then empty

                  TR-DOS disk will be created. Best use with command line:

                  unreal.exe prog.$B prog.$C   <- will be placed on same disk

                  You can also load it from 'F3' dialog, but only by one file

        writing:

           SNA 48k and 128k

           TRD, FDI, UDI

           TD0  (saved unpacked, so expect saved file larger than loaded)

           SCR, BMP (screenshots)

           WAV, VTX

        disk images converter:

           emulator can open disk image in any format (TRD/TD0/FDI/SCL/UDI)

           and save it to any other format

  leds

        1. AY volume/status. Just for fun. White color - tone, yellow - noise,

           green - envelope; also shows YM2203 and GS volumes

        2. perfomance leds. One displays how much Z80 t-states is between two

           interrupts. While watching some demo you can see how much time

           takes one or another effect. Second led shows PC framerate - at

           normal speed it must be 50. If it is less, then your CPU is too

           slow, and sound may be jerky - try to select faster video driver,

           disable some devices, increase skipframe or decrease t-states

           per int. When running on max speed, framerate shows how fast you

           computer is. For example, 800 fps is 16 times faster than

           Spectrum, so average game will load in 20 secs.

        3. input led. Shows which input devices are active - keyboard, mouse,

           kempston joystick. For keyboard, displays queried keyrows.

           One example: I've noticed, that in KOL0BOK2 intro active keyrows

           are <B>-<SPACE> and A-G. <SPACE> is an exit, but why program

           scans <A>-<G> ? I've pressed <A>, and I saw that now program

           queries <Y>-<P>. After pressing A+P, program queries <CAPS>-<V>.

           When pressing A+P+X active keyrow areonly <B>-<SPACE>. So, I've

           found cheat without digging in program code! (Another way was to

           set breakpoint on reading port #FE and analyze code nearby)

        4. loading led. When saving/loading from disk, emulator shows

           blue or red diskette. When formatting track, yellow disk is

           displayed. When loading from tape, emulator displays

           cassette picture and progress for current block (or 'PS' - tape

           silence)

        5. local time - for those ZX Spectrum fans, who spend all their

           time with virtual Spectrum

        6. on-screen watches - display used RAM and ROM banks in last frame,

           count user-defined expressions

        7. using leds on AT keyboard to display AY amplitude peaks

        leds look strange when flash-color is enabled. It's not a bug

  monitor

        software that in PC world is called 'debugger', in Spectrum world

        is often called 'monitor'

        find text or code.

        Using mask: code matches when ((code & mask) == (pattern & mask))

        unlimited number of code breakpoints

        conditional breakpoints of any complexity, uses C-like expression

        syntax (with this feature can be easily done: breakpoint on range,

        breakpoint to port in and out, on instruction, etc..)

        memory access breakpoints (on reading/writing/executing of given memory

        areas)

        built-in Z80 assembler/disassembler

        save-load memory blocks

        disk editor

        ripper's tool: for ripping routines with their data.

        Marks which bytes were read/written, and saves whole 64kb memory,

        replacing unreferenced bytes with user-defined byte (default is #CF)

        hotkeys to save/restore cursor position in disasm window

        hotkeys for location instruction operand in Z80 or dump window

        on-screen watches: show memory areas addressed by register pairs

  GUI

        all settings, that present in INI file, may be changed in GUI

        (but will not be saved, for permanent effect edit INI file)

        easy entering POKEs, if you don't want to use monitor or use

        HEX addresses. Delimiters for numbers are space, comma, colon,

        semicolon - so POKEs can be cut'n'pasted from any cheats collection

        loading from archives. Now supported: CAB,ZIP,RAR.

        You can add your own archivers to INI file

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system requirements

        Windows 95 or higher, or NT (not tested).

        Windows 2000/XP/2003 are required for real HDD support.

        for running UnrealSpeccy you need:

            Pentium-166 CPU MMX for basic functionality

            Celeron-266 CPU for Profi/Pentagon/ATM/Anti-Text64 hi-res modes

            Celeron-400 CPU for GS low-level emulation

            UnrealSpeccy eats only 12Mb of RAM, so

             if you've started Windows, then memory is enough

            2D accelerared video card with hardware support of

             video overlays and color keying for overlay modes

            3D accelerared video card for hardware chunky bilinear filter

            2 Mb of video memory in fullscreen

            4 Mb of video memory for windowed mode

            16-bit sound card [optional, but recommended]

        if you have such hardware, but emulator runs slow, try the

        following:

            0. install latest directX and videocard drivers

            1. increase sound buffer size (especially for Win95) in INI file

            2. select video filter='small', video driver='ddraw'

            3. disable vsync

            4. set 'ShareCPU=0' in INI file

            5. do not use General Sound low-level emulation

            6. do not use YM2203

            7. set 'skipframe=4' in INI file

            8. set 'Frame=30000' in INI file (if nothing else does not work)

            9. disable sound (without sound emulator runs much faster)

        this should help

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keys in emulator

these are default keys, can be changed in INI file

Ctrl-F1         monitor

Shift-ESC       only for windowed mode: give mouse to emulator or to MS Windows

Alt-F1          help on keys

F1              options/GUI

F2              write snapshot/disk image

Alt-F2          quicksave to qsave1.sna

Ctrl-F2         quicksave to qsave2.sna

Shift-F2        quicksave to qsave3.sna

F3              read snapshot/tape/disk image

Alt-F3          quickload from qsave1.sna

Ctrl-F3         quickload from qsave2.sna

Shift-F3        quickload from qsave3.sna

(SHIFT+)F4      select video driver (filter)

Alt-F4          exit emulator

F5              start/stop saving sound (WAV or VTX formats).

                May be used from monitor: set breakpoint to

                start/stop routines and save;

                when saving to vtx, start and end silence are wiped

F6              enter POKE(s)

Alt-F6          search in memory for changed values (cheats, etc)

F7              start/stop tape

Shift-F7        tape browser

Alt-F8          screenshot

F9              quicksave all altered disk images and CMOS

Alt-Shift-F11   NMI

Alt-F11         NMI to cache

Ctrl-F11        NMI to TR-DOS ("magic")

F12             reset to default mode, as specified in INI file

Ctrl-Shift-F12  reset to basic-128

Ctrl-F12        reset TR-DOS (128)

Shift-F12       reset to 48 basic, but port 7FFD unlocked

Alt-Shift-F12   reset to 48 basic, port 7FFD locked

Alt-F12         reset to system ROM

Ctrl-Alt-F12    reset to cache

pause/break     pause

grey/           leds on/off

grey*           select parameter to change: t-states/int (speed), fix, etc...

Alt+grey*       select parameter to change: AY/palette

grey+,grey-     change sound/video parameter (press with SHIFT for finetuning)

NumLock         max speed on/off (no sound on max speed)

Alt-NumLock     toggle autofire on/off

Alt-Ctrl-Z      toggle ATM XT(AT)-keyboard controller on/off

Alt-Enter       toggle full-screen mode

Alt-Shift-Ins   copy text from clipboard to keyboard buffer

Alt-1           set window size to 1x scale in windowed mode

Alt-2           set window size to 2x scale, useful for hardware-stretched

                modes like overlay and blitter

Alt-3           maximize window

keys in monitor

(CTRL,SHIFT,ALT+)F1,F2,F3,F5,F11,F12 - see above

Ctrl-F1         exit, run program

F7              step

F8              trace, skip calls and loops

F9              show Spectrum screen

Shift-F9        show alternative 128k screen

Alt-F9          show screen until painted point with border, mc and 2-scr 

effects

F11             run program until address (SP)

TAB             next window

SHIFT-TAB       previous window

Alt-D           toggle text/hex dump

Alt-B           write to port 7FFD (select bank / screen)

Alt-M           write to model-specific extended memory port (like 

#1FFD,#FDFD,#DFFD,...)

Alt-P           enter POKE(s)

Alt-F6          search in memory for changed values (cheats, etc)

Alt-R           load memory block from file

Alt-W           save memory block to file

Alt-F           fill memory block with hex pattern

                (note: to copy block, please use save+load)

Alt-G           General Sound status (double-click - play sample)

Alt-T           ripper's tool

Alt-O           configure on-screen watches

Alt-U           disasm to file

Alt-S           cycle screenshot (ray-painted) / screendump (screen memory) / 

watches

Alt-F           render current frame to video buffer without border and MC 

effects

Ctrl-U          set user-defined watch address

Ctrl-L          view labels, visible for Z80 in current memory state

Ctrl-J          select and go to label

Alt-C           breakpoints manager

Alt-Y           switch active sound chip in Turbo-Sound mode

       manager can handle 3 types of breakpoints:

       1. conditional breakpoints and on-screen watches

       are using C expression syntax.

       operators (in priority order):

         () ! ~ M(x) -> * % / + - >> << > < == = <= >= != & ^ | && ||

       operands:

         a,b,c,d,e,h,l,bc,de,hl                 - common registers

         a',b',c',d',e',h',l',bc',de',hl'       - alternative registers

         ix,iy,pc,sp,i,r                        - control registers

         FD     - memory port #FD (also known as #7FFD)

         OUT    - port used in 'OUT' command (or 0FFFFFFFF when no outs)

         IN     - port used in 'IN'  command (or 0FFFFFFFF when no ins)

         VAL    - read/written value to port (only meaningful when OUT != 

0FFFFFFFF or IN != 0FFFFFFFF)

         numbers - hex, must start with digit: DFFD - wrong, 0DFFD - right

         characters - must be enclosed in single quotes ('A','B',etc..)

       All calculations use 32-bit unsigned interger arithmetic.

       If you are not familiar with C, use brackets as much as possible, due to

       non-intuitive operator's precedence, e.g.

       out & 0FF == 0FE   is treated as 'out & (0FF == 0FE)' <- always 0

       M(x) is byte from memory address x (same as x->0)

       '=' is an alias for '==' (for Pascal programmers)

       examples:

           (out+1) | (in+1)       - in/out to any port

           (in & 8001) == 0       - read keyboard row from <B> to <SPACE>

           !(out & 1)             - any out to port #FE

           (out & 0FF)==0BB && (val==0F3 || val==0F4) - reset General Sound

           (out & 0FF)==0FD && (val&7)==3   - set 3rd memory page

           (FD & 7) == 3                    - the same

           M(pc)==0CB && pc->1 >= 10 && pc->1 <= 17

                - set break on executing instruction "rl <reg>"

       I hope, these examples will be enough to get idea

       note: double-click on breakpoint to edit it

       2. execution breakpoints (also set in CPU window by pressing SPACE).

          In manager window it is easy to setup breakpoint on execution

          range like 6000-FFFF

       3. breakpoints on reading/writing memory. Similar to execution

          breakpoints, but have flags "R" and "W" to issue interrupt on

          reading/writing memory address (flags may be set together)

monitor: registers window

Cursor          select register

ENTER,0-F       change register

Ctrl+A,F,B,D,H,S,P,X,Y,I,R,M,1,2 edit A,F,BC,DE,HL,SP,PC,IX,IY,I,R,IM,IFF1,IFF2

Alt+S,Z,5,H,3,P,N,C              toggle flag

'               go to value under cursor in CPU window

;               go to value under cursor in memory window

monitor: CPU window

F4              trace to cursor

Alt-F7          find text

Ctrl-F7         find code with mask

HOME            go to PC

Ctrl-G          go to address

SPACE           set/reset breakpoint under cursor

ENTER           edit Z80 instruction, opcode bytes or cursor address

A-X             assemble new Z80 instruction

Z               set PC to cursor

Ctrl-1,.,Ctrl-8 save current position to slot 1-8

1-8             save current position to stack, go to saved position in slot 1-8

Backspace       restore position from jumpstack

'               push cursor position and go to instruction operand

;               jump to instruction operand in data window

Ctrl-A          reading labels from XAS or ALASM, using 3 methods:

   1. XAS7: assembler should be in bank 6 (or bank #46 for Pentagon-512)

   2. ALASM: version 4.42-5.0x should be in 128k-memory (pages 1-7)

   3. ALASM+STS: STS should be in bank#7 (or bank #47 for Pentagon-512)

monitor: memory window

Alt-F7          find text in memory / disk track

Ctrl-F7         find code with mask in memory / disk track

Cursor,Home,End,PgUp,PgDn        move

Ctrl-G                           go to address

Ctrl-M                           select memory editor

Ctrl-V                           select disk editor (physical track)

Ctrl-O                           select disk editor (logical sectors)

Ctrl-T                           select disk/track/sector in diskeditor

Ctrl-TAB                         move to hex/ascii

Ctrl+S,P,B,D,H,X,Y               go to SP,PC,BC,DE,HL,IX,IY

other keys                       edit

monitor: Beta 128 window

here is a typical FDC indicator content

CD:1820

STAT:21

SECT:09

T:01/01

S:3C/00

first line is command and data register (cmd18,data20 - seek track 20)

2nd line - status register

3rd line - sector register

4th line - actual FDD head position and track register

5th line - Beta disk system register and DRQ/INTRQ port

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bugs and incompatibilities

   some programs, such as Manic Miner and Lode Runner, require

   old 48K ROM (1982.rom), while some other programs require

   ZX Spectrum 128 ROM (48for128.rom + 128tr!.rom)

   some TR-DOS programs (Unreal Megademo by KSA, Street Fighter)

   work only if TR-DOS traps are disabled and all delays enabled

   Profi service ROM can work only when all TR-DOS delays are enabled

   Bumpy does not work in default configuration, it tries to read port

   #FFDF for kempston joystick - so disable kempston mouse before

   playing [bug found by Paul Pavlov]

   sounddrv=wave does not work with CTSB128PCI (Creative Sound Blaster),

   there is a bug in drivers for this card. [bug found by Nuts]

   some ABS adventures (ALIEN.SCL, LENIN.SCL) do not work with TR-DOS 5.04TM,

   use version 5.03 - it is most compatible [bug found by Paul Pavlov]

   Vixen 1,2,3 - incompatible with SounDrive [bug found by Paul Pavlov]

   Fernandez - incompatible with SounDrive [bug found by Shadow Maker]

   port #FF sometimes is not responding when SkipFrame!=0

   (the same to SkipFrameMaxSpeed!=0 and max speed mode)

   Scorpion 'MAGIC' generates NMI even if PC < #4000, but shadow

   monitor is not designed for this situation and may crash

   CacheVox by AlCo requires TR-DOS delays enabled and [BETA128] IL=1

   If the emulator after returning of focus seems to have a sticky key,

   press Scroll Lock, deactivate blinking key, then press Scroll Lock again.

   If emulator control keys work wrong after returning of focus, press Enter,

   and keys must go normal.

   If emulator hangs with General Sound, try DSPrimary=0.

   If emulator crashes with General Sound, try GSType=Z80.

   If Kempston Joystick doesn't work, go to menu, press NumLock there,

then return.

   In case of bad sound, try DSPrimary=1 (may crash emulator eventually!)

or SoundDrv=wave in .ini.

   Screenshots are saved to the emulator directory.

   Files to read and write via debugger are situated in a current directory

(which is seen by F3).

Download sys.trd (for drive B:) from http://alonecoder.narod.ru/zx/SYS.rar

Download xBIOS for ATM Turbo2+ from http://atmturbo.nedopc.com/

Get WNASPI32.DLL from Ahead Nero or from Ahead website

BASS.DLL v2.3 was taken from http://www.un4seen.com/ 

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greetings from SMT:

   * dj.Z, IMP and MIC - I enjoyed your music a lot !

   * Nik-O and Fatal Snipe - for adherence to ay scene

   * Hacker KAY - thanks for most accurate information about AY/YM

   * Paul Pavlov - maintainer of largest TR-DOS archive

   * Raul Gomez Sanchez (author of R80)

   * Stalker - thanks for STS

   * Placebo, Extreme, Digital Reality, CBS - for quality demos

   * V_Soft (Roman Scherbakov) - for Vortex format

   * Sergey Bulba - for AY_Emul

   * Alone Coder - you keep Spectrum alive

   * Ian Luck - thanks for BASS

   * SirX - just a hello

   * all ZX Spectrum fans - Speccy is da best!

special thanks to people, who were interested in

UnrealSpeccy's development and sent me info about hard/soft:

   * Maxim Vasilyev - sent me many bugreports

   * Mac Buster - some info about beta 128 disk interface

   * Shiru Otaku - sent me GSPAK.ZIP

   * Alexey Kravchenko - Scorpion timing info

   * Vitaliy Pigo - testing and benchmarking

   * Alex Baskakov - helped me with TD0 format

   * Alone Coder - thnx for many info about Pentagon hardware

   * Dexus - for integrating YM2203 support

   * Maksagor - ATM information

   * and many others, who emailed me congratulations/suggestions/etc

----------------------------------------------------------------------

license

        UnrealSpeccy is completely freeware. You may use this emulator

        and its sources without any restrictions. You may use the

        sources in your own emul or to release bugfixed/new versions.

        in this case you do not have to release updated source code,

        (unlike GNU Public License requires, for example). You may port

        emulator to any other platform (but there are many

        MSVC-specific language constructions, so it's doubtful that

        you can compile it with another compiler)

Send me bug reports, ideas, and changed source lines

http://dlcorp.nedopc.com/viewforum.php?f=8